凯恩斯的生平有哪些介绍？

1. 凯恩斯的生平有哪些介绍？

凯恩斯（1883~1946年）出生于英国剑桥大学的一个学者家庭，他先后就读于著名的伊顿众学和剑桥大学，曾任政府官员，后来成为剑桥大学皇家学院研究员，参加过巴黎和会，但一生主要在剑桥大学讲授经济学。二战时，任财政部顾问，战后参加了国际货币基金、国际开发银行的筹建工作，1946年因心脏病突发而逝世。他的经济学著作闻名于世。如《货币改革论》(1923年)、《货币论》(1930年)、《就业、利息和货币通论》(1936年)。

2. 斯科特·凯恩的个人生活

[On acting in the moment] I think all the greats really did that. If you watch Brando, if you watch McQueen, every scene you could see that they were doing something and that's why it seemed so human and so real as opposed to actors trying to find an emotion or play that emotion when the cameras are up and the lights are on it's hard to settle in and have a real moment. I think the only real way to do it is to have an objective for what you're doing in the scene.When I was a kid, I was always an athlete. I played a lot of sports. I played football, basketball, baseball and soccer. My dad was super into athletics, so that's what I did as a kid. I played sports. When I was 11 or 12, I stopped wanting to play football, basketball and baseball and I started smoking weed and hanging out with the 'bad kids'. I wanted to do anything that was rebellious. My old man hated skateboarding and surfing. He was a team sports player. The individuality of it is what drew me to skating and surfing. It was a 'Fuck you!' at the time. I know that skateboarding and surfing have been around a long time, but it wasn't like it is now. Surfing now is like a high school sport. Everyone surfs and everyone skateboards. Back then, if you skated, you were definitely one of the bad kids. If you surfed, you were a stoner, so you were one of the bad kids. At the time, I wanted to be like that. I wanted to be rebellious. I didn't want to fit in. I wanted to be a punk. When we'd go off and skate or surf, we were doing our own thing. There was nobody standing over our backs, watching us. There was no one judging us. It was just about one-upping each other all the time.My dad didn't work on a lot on movies when I was growing up. He stopped working for fifteen years. From the time I was five until I was fifteen, I didn't know who he was as an actor. He was just my dad. He wasn't off on movie sets when I was a kid. He hung out with me. He was also a rebellious guy. His whole life had a lot of ups and downs. To answer your question, yeah, he was the shit; but to me, he was just my dad. I didn't know him as James Caan, the big movie actor. As a kid, I never got to see any of his movies because they were all rated R. I didn't see The Godfather until I was 11 years old. When they shot him, I was like, 'This sucks.' It was fucked up. It was weird. I turned it off. It bummed me out. Now I look back and watch his movies and I'm like, 'Damn. He was the shit.'My old man was very strict about if you were going to do something, be good at it. Be the best at it or don't do it. Anyone can work hard and have God-given talent, but it's a shame when people have it and don't use it. You have to use all aspects of it. You have to be good at it and work harder than the next man. He always instilled that in me. Even when I was a kid, he'd say, 'If you're going to do something, do it right, do it hard and be passionate about it. Do it good or don't do it all, because there is always someone else that wants to play harder than you.'The reason I started writing movies was because I kept getting parts that I just kind of stepped into. I didn't have to do a lot of work and I ended up getting sort of bored. When I first started acting, all I did was work on plays and spend a lot of hours in the theater. I was immersing myself in what I was doing. I wanted to be the best at it. I was like, 'I'm going to do this and be the best actor in the world.' Then I got into the movie business and maybe once every three years, I'd get a part that I could actually sink my teeth into. The reason I started writing was because I didn't always get those parts. I figured I could write myself plays and perform things that I felt strongly about. That set me off on writing and directing. I ended up thinking, 'I can do this too.' I got really passionate about writing and directing. And now that I'm in my early 30s, I'm getting parts that I can really sink my teeth into it. Now I can go back to what really got me into acting, when it was something that I was super passionate about.(2001) If you love acting and you've ever experienced theater, then you know that in a movie it's almost impossible to live out that experience, unless you're a Pacino or a De Niro or somebody who gets to pick their parts. It's very rare that you get a part that at the end of the day you feel like you've really lived it out, and for me going back and doing theater is where I get to do that. I realized that over the past couple of years, and I hope to God I never lose that, and I never rest on my laurels(2001) I'll go do anybody's movie if I find something I like in it, I'll say, 'Let's go do it.' Good, bad mediocre or whatever it is, if a director wants me in his movie, I take it as a compliment. And at the end of the day, if the movie's no good, I'll live to fight another day.When I was 17-years-old, I was in the music business. I was out on the 1993 Soul Assassins Tour and there was this director named Mitch Marcus who had heard about me, so he came and saw the show. He thought I'd be right for a part in his movie. He said, 'Do you want to come and audition for this movie?' I said, 'No, that's not my thing.' Then I read the script. It was about this 17-year-old punk kid that gets out of juvenile hall and rides his motorcycle and carries a gun. Then I was like, 'Okay. I'll come in and audition.' I ended up getting the part. It was a movie called A Boy Called Hate. It's not the greatest movie ever made, but once I got on that movie set, I was like, 'Okay, this is what I'm going to do for the rest of my life.' I was going to be a grip or an actor or writer or whatever I had to do to be on a movie set. Then I went straight to a theater school and studied for the next ten years. I started studying at Playhouse West in the Valley when I was 17-years-old. I started writing and directing plays. That's been my center for acting for the last fifteen years.

3. 凯恩斯生平事迹???

《凯恩斯传》，讲述了有关凯恩斯的生平事迹。
约翰·梅纳德·凯恩斯（John Maynard Keynes， 1883年6月5日- 1946年4月21日），英国经济学家。
　　凯恩斯出生于一个大学教授的家庭。 
 

他的父亲约翰内维尔·凯恩斯曾在剑桥大学任哲学和政治经济学讲师，母亲弗洛朗斯阿达·布朗是一位成功的作家和社会改革的先驱之一。
　　他7岁进入波斯学校，2年后进入圣菲斯学院的预科班。几年以后他的天才渐渐显露，并于1894年以前伴第一的优异成绩毕业，并获得第一个数学奖。 一年后，他考取伊顿公学，并于1899和1900年连续两次获数学大奖。他以数学，历史和英语三项第一的成绩毕业。1902年，他成功考取剑桥国王学院（剑桥大学）的奖学金。
　　1902年进剑桥大学学数学，后从马歇尔学经济学，深受马歇尔的赏识。1906-1908年在印度事务部任职。1908年起在剑桥大学任教。1912-1946年任《经济学》杂志主编。1913-1914年任皇家印度财政和货币委员会委员。1915-1919年任英国财政部顾问。1919年作为财政部的首席顾问出席巴黎和会，同年因写《和平的经济后果》而驰名。1941年起任英格兰银行董事。1942年被封为蒂尔顿男爵。1944年出席布雷顿森林会议。他长期从货币数量的变化来解释经济现象的变动，主张实行管理通货以稳定资本主义经济。1929-1933年世界经济危机后提出了失业和经济危机的原因是有效需求不足的理论，鼓吹国家全面调节经济生活。他的经济学说在西方国家有广泛影响，被称为“凯因斯主义”。
　　凯恩斯可谓经济学界最具影响的人物之一。他的发表于1936年的主要作品《就业、利息和货币通论》引起了经济学的革命。这部作品对人们对经济学和政权在社会生活中作用的看法产生了深远的影响。凯恩斯发展了关于生产和就业水平的一般理论。其具有革命性的理论主要是：
　　关于存在非自愿失业条件下的均衡：在有效需求处于一定水平上的时候，失业是可能的。与古典经济学派相反，他认为单纯的价格机制无法解决失业问题。
　　引入不稳定和预期性，建立了流动性偏好倾向基础上的货币理论：投资边际效应概念的引入推翻了萨伊定律和存款与投资之间的因果关系。
　　他的这些思想为政府干涉经济以摆脱经济萧条和防止经济过热提供了理论依据，创立了宏观经济学的基本思想。凯恩斯一生对经济学作出了极大的贡献，曾被誉为资本主义的“救星”、“战后繁荣之父”。
　　凯恩斯不但是一个理论家，而且是一个实践家。他曾经在英国财政部印度事物部工作，任剑桥大学皇家学院的经济学讲师，创立政治经济学俱乐部并因其最初著作《指数编制方法》而获“亚当·斯密奖”，任《经济学杂志》主编，任皇家印度通货与财政委员会委员，兼任皇家经济学会秘书，英国财政部巴黎和会代表，主持英国财政经济顾问委员会工作，出席布雷顿森林联合国货币金融会议，并担任了国际货币基金组织和国际复兴开发银行的董事。
　　主要著作有《印度货币和财政》（1913）、《货币改革论》（1923）、《货币论》（二卷，1903）、《就业、利息和货币通论》（1936）、《如何支付战争》（1940）等。

4. 斯科特·凯恩的早期经历

斯科特·凯恩生于美国加州洛杉矶，演员詹姆斯·凯恩和演员兼前任模特谢拉·瑞恩之子。祖父母是来自德国的犹太移民。在他出生一年后父母离异；并且有四个同父异母的兄妹。